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Imperial Examination
山本琹谷/孔孟顏三聖圖
1811-1873
Yamamoto Kinkoku/ Portrait of Three Sages: Confucius, Mencius and Yan Hui
孔子(中)184.5×72cm
孟子(左)188.5×41cm
顏子(右)188.5×41cm
寄2021-0609
【釋文】
琹谷山本謙薰沐拜寫
【說明】
張掛聖賢畫像常見於書院文化中。東漢光和元年(178)，漢靈帝設置的鴻都門學，即已出現孔子及七十二弟子像。至明清時期發展成祭祀儒家聖賢畫像、肖像等禮儀，可見聖賢畫像的起源發展與書院文化緊密相連。
山本琹谷，名謙，字子讓，後改為琹谷，江戸後期至明治初期的文人畫家，自幼喜愛繪畫，所師之人亦多為日本文人畫家，擅長於以中國故事為基礎的人物畫及花鳥山水畫，留下無數作品。此次展出之孔孟顏三聖圖，為山本琹谷擅長的中國人物畫風，三幅對為日本裝裱中較為常見的形式。
【Description】
Hanging portraits of sages and worthies were common in Chinese academy culture. As early as the period of the Eastern Han (178), the Hongdu Gate Academy established by Emperor Ling of Han displayed portraits of Confucius and his seventy-two disciples. By the Ming and Qing dynasties, the practice had evolved into rituals for venerating portraits of Confucian sages and worthies, illustrating the close connection between the origins and development of these portraits and academy culture.
Yamamoto Kinkoku was a literati painter from the late Edo to the early Meiji period. He had a passion for painting from a young age and studied under various Japanese literati painters. He excelled in figure paintings based on Chinese stories as well as bird-and-flower and landscape paintings. The exhibited "Three Sages: Confucius, Mencius, and Yan Hui" showcases Yamamoto's proficiency in Chinese figure painting. The triptych is presented in a style common in Japanese mounting.